Clarification
Jun. 30th, 2010 07:49 pm![[identity profile]](https://www.dreamwidth.org/img/silk/identity/openid.png){kind=small}
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learn_russianHello everyone! =D
A friend and I have been studying at the Institute of Russian Studies and Culture in SPB. We were put into a class that had been going on for a while and obviously there are things that we've had to just learn on the fly. The professors are, thankfully, very patient and realize that certain things we haven't learnt.
However, we're just looking for some clarification on some grammatical nuances that we've briefly covered in class. Of course, the explanation to these grammar rules are in Russian and sometimes you don't understand the complete meaning of when and how to use it.
1) Short Adjectival Forms
ex: Эта страна богата нефтью и газом.
Why is it not "Эта страна богатая..."?
ex: Вечером этот город очень красив.
Do you use short adjectival forms in a specific case? Or in a specific instance?
2) Деепричастия
ex:
кричать - криЧат - кричА
спешить - спеШат - спешА
учиться - уЧатся - уЧась
We just have pages and pages of examples of these verbs but no concrete usages.
3) для или за или на = for
I have in my notes that you use для и за when answering кого? I know when to use для when it's followed by чего? As in ... купить мебель для спальни.
And how to use за + что like in toasts (drinking..)
But we were never told which cases follow these. Of course, with enough examples one can make a deduction but I'd rather know for sure which case follows.
And then comes in на - кого? что?
My question is how do you difference when to use them all since some are followed by the same case. Which instances would you choose one over the other and how do you really know for sure? Or is it just something that comes with practice and just knowing which one goes with which. I'm okay when it comes to using these in instances of time reference but otherwise, I'm slightly confused.
I hope that made sense!
Спасибо!
A friend and I have been studying at the Institute of Russian Studies and Culture in SPB. We were put into a class that had been going on for a while and obviously there are things that we've had to just learn on the fly. The professors are, thankfully, very patient and realize that certain things we haven't learnt.
However, we're just looking for some clarification on some grammatical nuances that we've briefly covered in class. Of course, the explanation to these grammar rules are in Russian and sometimes you don't understand the complete meaning of when and how to use it.
1) Short Adjectival Forms
ex: Эта страна богата нефтью и газом.
Why is it not "Эта страна богатая..."?
ex: Вечером этот город очень красив.
Do you use short adjectival forms in a specific case? Or in a specific instance?
2) Деепричастия
ex:
кричать - криЧат - кричА
спешить - спеШат - спешА
учиться - уЧатся - уЧась
We just have pages and pages of examples of these verbs but no concrete usages.
3) для или за или на = for
I have in my notes that you use для и за when answering кого? I know when to use для when it's followed by чего? As in ... купить мебель для спальни.
And how to use за + что like in toasts (drinking..)
But we were never told which cases follow these. Of course, with enough examples one can make a deduction but I'd rather know for sure which case follows.
And then comes in на - кого? что?
My question is how do you difference when to use them all since some are followed by the same case. Which instances would you choose one over the other and how do you really know for sure? Or is it just something that comes with practice and just knowing which one goes with which. I'm okay when it comes to using these in instances of time reference but otherwise, I'm slightly confused.
I hope that made sense!
Спасибо!
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no subject
Date: 2010-07-01 06:35 am (UTC)E.g.
Я купила книгу для дочери - I bought a book for my daughter.
Я купила палатку для поездки - I bought a tent for my hiking trip.
As to за, it requires a different case, not genitive, like для, but accusative.
Вышла замуж за кого? За Джона. Married whom? John.
Выполнила эту работу за кого? За Джейн. She did this work instead of whom? Instead of Jane.
Выпили за кого? За Мэри. They drank for whom? For Mary.
Выпили за что? За победу. They drank for what? For the victory.
Спряталась за что? За дерево. Hid behind what? Behind a tree.
Hope this helps.