It expresses surprise, disbelief (sincere or sarcastic) or exasperation, depending on the context. Examples:
1. "Я - гений". "Да ты что!"
"I am a genius!" "Oh, really?" or "You don't say!"
2. "Да ты что? Сдурел, что ли?"
"What are you, nuts?"
(Note: in this case, when it's not sarcastic but rather expresses genuine disbelief at someone's actions or words, it's often shortened to "Ты что?" and frequently pronounced as "ты чё?". It's basically used as an interjection to mean "What the hell are doing?". All in all, a very versatile and useful little expression.)
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Date: 2010-05-09 02:17 pm (UTC)1. "Я - гений".
"Да ты что!"
"I am a genius!"
"Oh, really?" or "You don't say!"
2. "Да ты что? Сдурел, что ли?"
"What are you, nuts?"
(Note: in this case, when it's not sarcastic but rather expresses genuine disbelief at someone's actions or words, it's often shortened to "Ты что?" and frequently pronounced as "ты чё?". It's basically used as an interjection to mean "What the hell are doing?". All in all, a very versatile and useful little expression.)