[identity profile] k-lindbergh.livejournal.com posting in [community profile] learn_russian
Hi everyone.

I'm a native Russian speaker and i'm doing a research on how do non-native speakers comprehend Russian. Would you please answer this short questionary:
1. How long have you been studying Russian?
2. Why did you decide to learn it?
3. What is the most difficult for you in Russian?
4. What does the sound of Russian language remind you of?
5. Do you think Russian grammar rules are quite logical or they are a complete mess?

And if you can please write your first name, age and country. Thanks a lot!

*I hope administration won't mind this posting )

Date: 2008-12-02 05:44 pm (UTC)
From: [identity profile] melsmarsh.livejournal.com
1. How long have you been studying Russian?

I took one formal semester of Russian, but I've had informal lessons here and there.

2. Why did you decide to learn it?

I'm involved in the space industry and the two official languages are English and Russian. Plus my advisor for my masters thesis is threatening to drop me off in the middle of Siberia.

3. What is the most difficult for you in Russian?

Speaking.

4. What does the sound of Russian language remind you of?

Romanian, but I don't really know why since Romanian is closer to Latin. Perhaps its the Slavic influence.

5. Do you think Russian grammar rools are quite logical or they are a complete mess?

Mess, but then I have never found a single language that made sense.

And if you can please write your first name, age and country. Thanks a lot!

Melvin, 27, USA

Date: 2008-12-02 09:28 pm (UTC)
From: [identity profile] wolk-off.livejournal.com
>Romanian, but I don't really know why since Romanian is closer to Latin. Perhaps its the Slavic influence.

Interesting. I'm a native speaker of Russian, and Romanian to me sounds exactly like Latin spoken by Russians :) Another language that sounded quite familiar was Portuguese (Portuguese Portuguese, not Brazilian.) I even decided that a model Portuguese phrase, phonetics-wise, is "ты сядешь и поедешь" :)

Date: 2008-12-02 09:43 pm (UTC)
From: [identity profile] melsmarsh.livejournal.com
See I don't think I have ever actually heard any form of Portuguese. I've studied a little of many languages, but that one never seems to be able to give me reason to learn it. :)

Date: 2008-12-02 06:13 pm (UTC)
From: [identity profile] voltaireontoast.livejournal.com
1. How long have you been studying Russian?
For...officially, five years. I started when I was 13 and stopped when I was 18.
2. Why did you decide to learn it?
I went to a really weird state school which specialised in languages, and I love studying languages anyway, and doing new, slightly unusual things, so when I got to pick a second language to study (after French), I picked the only one on the list which came with it's own alphabet. I kept studying it because I enjoyed it and was interested in Russian (and Soviet) history and literature.
3. What is the most difficult for you in Russian?
Cases, but really only when I write. I'm a bit odd like that. I'm normally very good at thinking on my feet and my grammar is actually better when I talk than in written Russian. Normally because I have a sense of when something sounds wrong. As someone who's never studied any other language with cases (English and French are evil...), they never were easy.
4. What does the sound of Russian language remind you of?

This is weird for me, I have to say. I've always found it somewhere between sounding like a romantic language and a guttral germanic language. But not at the same time, if you understand? It has some words which sound very, very fluid and pretty and others which make my throat want to close up (yes, I'm looking at you вход). I guess it sounds sort of powerful, like a Germanic language, but also has moments of incredible beauty (which...I couldn't see happening in a Germanic language, sorry guys.)

5. Do you think Russian grammar rools are quite logical or they are a complete mess?
I think the rules themselves...are a mess. Especially movement verbs. HOWEVER. In comparison to French and English, Russian sticks to the rules it has. There's far less irregularities, really. Which is nice, that once you've learnt the weird rules, you can pretty much stick to them and you'll be fine. Or that's how I figured it.

Kim, 19, the UK

Date: 2008-12-02 06:24 pm (UTC)
From: [identity profile] burzoom.livejournal.com
which make my throat want to close up - I had same thought about French)

Date: 2008-12-02 06:26 pm (UTC)
From: [identity profile] voltaireontoast.livejournal.com
ahaha. Different languages do it to different people. (actually roi makes my throat close up too...)
(deleted comment)

Date: 2008-12-02 11:46 pm (UTC)
From: [identity profile] miconazole.livejournal.com
huargahghhahghghghg

Date: 2008-12-02 06:35 pm (UTC)
From: [identity profile] burzoom.livejournal.com
I hate numbers. almost all of them, but most of all deux and huit.
and words like "exercices". pff...

Date: 2008-12-02 06:49 pm (UTC)
From: [identity profile] voltaireontoast.livejournal.com
oooh, huit. Evil word, that is. I'm from somewhere with a really pronounced accent and...words like that really are evil.

Date: 2008-12-02 07:00 pm (UTC)
From: [identity profile] stpdsxyflndrs.livejournal.com
I'm normally very good at thinking on my feet and my grammar is actually better when I talk than in written Russian.

You are lucky - I am the exact opposite. I can (well, could) write okay, when I'm not (wasn't) on the spot, but I'm a horrible conversationalist. I think it is far more useful to be able to speak coherently in real time than to be able to scribble at your leisure. :)

Date: 2008-12-02 07:02 pm (UTC)
From: [identity profile] voltaireontoast.livejournal.com
It's more useful, but does screw you over a bit in exams where oral is only 25% and all other three sections require good, consistent grammar. But yeah, it's a hell of a lot more useful in real life. I am grateful to the gods of...languageness. XD

Date: 2008-12-02 07:48 pm (UTC)
From: [identity profile] pinky-the-cow.livejournal.com
Is "вход" that evil of a word? Even though "в" loses vocalization and normal pronounciation is ~"фход"?

Date: 2008-12-02 07:49 pm (UTC)
From: [identity profile] pinky-the-cow.livejournal.com
Even if not normal, it's natural.

Date: 2008-12-02 08:22 pm (UTC)
From: [identity profile] archaicos.livejournal.com
We've got some unusual patterns/clusters of consonants. I think there can be more problems with ввод (or better yet введение) and жжение/жужжание than вход.

Date: 2008-12-02 11:36 pm (UTC)
From: [identity profile] voltaireontoast.livejournal.com
Probably not. It looks worse than it actually is.

Date: 2008-12-04 03:21 pm (UTC)
From: [identity profile] towarysc.livejournal.com
Movement verbs! I remember that Donald Trefusis in Stephen Fry's 'The Liar' once mentioned 'Russian movement verbs', but I could never guess how they differ from other verbs. The only difference I could think of was that the the 1st person imperative of the movement verbs can be both past and future tense forms (пошли! поехали! поскакали! as well as пойдём! поедем! поскачем!) while the other ones use only future (выпьем! споём!), but I believe it's not the thing.
So what on earth is the difference between movement and 'rest' verbs???

Date: 2008-12-04 10:38 pm (UTC)
From: [identity profile] wordchick.livejournal.com
Most verbs only have one pairing, perfective/imperfective. By contrast, verbs of motion have a unidirectional and multidirectional pairing (идти, ходить), and the rules of when to use which are hard for foreigners. To make it even more challenging, unidirectional verbs with prefixes become perfective (выйти), but multidirectional verbs do not (выходить). The result is that if you are speaking about your current unidirectional movement, you have to say something like я подхожу к тебе, even though this seems logically wrong. And then there are words like to find and to translate that are governed by these rules, even though they are stationary.

If I remember correctly, Stephen Fry also referenced Russian verbs of motion in The Star's Tennis Balls, which makes me think he had some personal experience with them.

Date: 2008-12-05 03:14 pm (UTC)
From: [identity profile] towarysc.livejournal.com
Heh, really twisted. The more I live, the more I'm happy that I know this language till my birth and don't have to learn it;)
From: [identity profile] stpdsxyflndrs.livejournal.com
1) I studied Russian from 1996-2000 when it was my major in college, and since then I have continued to study it on and off (though now I'm quite rusty).

2) I decided to learn Russian because I have always loved studying languages, and I had wanted to study Russian ever since I visited Leningrad in 1990. The language sounded gorgeous and fascinating to me while I was there, but I didn't have an opportunity to learn it until I went to college in 1996.

3) I find the vocabulary - and sense of when to use which words - to be the most difficult thing about the language. Also, memorizing the pronunciation of words - I found myself relying heavily on stress marks in my text books, which obviously you don't find in the real world.

4) Oddly enough, it reminds me of Spanish. Maybe that's not so much the way it sounds to my ear, but the way it feels to me to pronounce some of the sounds...

5) Russian grammar makes sense to me. It is much more intricate than English grammar, but I like having cases and find the rules easy to follow (far easier than German!), once the task of memorizing/learning them has been overcome. :) The hardest part of the grammar rules is just remembering all of them.

Valerie - 30 - USA :)
From: [identity profile] archaicos.livejournal.com
w.r.t. #3... English is very complicated in these very areas:
- lots of words have many different meanings, they're multipurpose and many words are used only in particular contexts or with certain other words; phrasal verbs and numerous idioms don't make any sense at first glance, often rightly so because their meaning isn't the sum of the meanings of the components (e.g. get over).
- while the accentuation of words in English isn't such a big problem as in Russian, it's also not written in English words and it varies (e.g. control, machine). But the worst is that the language is largely non-phonetic and it's impossible to pronounce many words correctly w/o looking up their pronunciation in the dictionary or having someone say them for you. You should've had spelling problems at school -- that's the other side of the problem (knowing how to pronounce, but not knowing how to spell).
:)
From: [identity profile] http://users.livejournal.com/_christine/
Learning Russian made me appreciate how confusing English is if you are a non-native speaker. Frankly, I'm rather glad I was born into English because I am not certain how I would have learned it otherwise :)
From: [identity profile] crimeanelf.livejournal.com
>4) Oddly enough, it reminds me of Spanish. Maybe that's not so much the way it sounds to my ear, but the way it feels to me to pronounce some of the sounds...

It's not odd. I, a native Russian speaker who knows a bit Spanish, find that Spanish phonetics is almost completely INCLUDED in Russian phonetics, i.e., most of sounds Spanish has, Russian has too, but not vice versa.
From: [identity profile] wolk-off.livejournal.com
What about Castilian "s"? :) In Russian you only hear something like it when the speaker has bad teeth :)
From: [identity profile] crimeanelf.livejournal.com
This is what I meant when I wrote "almost". Also almost all dialects ll and in some dialects g.
From: [identity profile] crimeanelf.livejournal.com
Offtop. My Spanish-speaking boyfriend learns Russian. He can easily pronounce ль (as if he's in Spanish-speaking mode) and л (as if he's in English-speaking mode). What shots him down are some Russian words that contain both l's simultaneously, for example, заплакали. :D
From: [identity profile] archaicos.livejournal.com
No surprise here. I find it hard to pronounce Spanish words containing s and c/z, especially if there're two or more alternations between them:
acescencia
ascensión
nacionalsocialista
fascista
At least there exists the Latin American sort of Spanish, where s=c/z.
From: [identity profile] spiritrc.livejournal.com
Speaking of difficulties, for me the nighmare is English 'sixth'. :)

Date: 2008-12-02 07:38 pm (UTC)
From: [identity profile] lycaonvulpes.livejournal.com
1. How long have you been studying Russian? This fall marks my first year.
2. Why did you decide to learn it? I developed a love for Russian culture and I love how the language sounds so I decided to go for it.
3. What is the most difficult for you in Russian? Grammar and pronunciation, the big words trip me up.
4. What does the sound of Russian language remind you of? Spanish, some of the words sound the same.
5. Do you think Russian grammar rools are quite logical or they are a complete mess? It's logical for the most part, my problem is that grammar was not emphasized in the schools I went to. Therefore I have to learn grammar all over again to understand Russian grammar.

And if you can please write your first name, age and country. Thanks a lot!
Christina 22 USA

Date: 2008-12-02 08:40 pm (UTC)
From: [identity profile] cassandraclue.livejournal.com
1. How long have you been studying Russian?
over four years
2. Why did you decide to learn it?
family history
3. What is the most difficult for you in Russian?
being able to both comprehend the conversation while contributing to it in large groups of people.
4. What does the sound of Russian language remind you of?
it feels really natural to me because i've been in russia for so long and conduct so much of my life in russian that i can't really say. i guess my early childhood and going to church.
5. Do you think Russian grammar rules are quite logical or they are a complete mess?
far more logical than english!

Date: 2008-12-02 08:40 pm (UTC)
From: [identity profile] cassandraclue.livejournal.com
greer 22 from usa live in russia

Date: 2008-12-02 08:41 pm (UTC)
From: [identity profile] barbarisotschka.livejournal.com
1. I've been studying Russian since fall 2002. I majored in Russian at university and spend a year in Moscow as part of my degree.
2. I fell in love with Russian language when I watched a film in Russian (with subtitels)in 2000...then I began to read classic russian literature and I was hooked. :)
3. For me aspects are the most difficult part of Russian grammar. And the stress.
4. Nothing, it's unique. I think it sounds wonderful and even now when I understand (almost) everything in a conversation I never get tired of itsvbeautiful sound. Other languages turn just in to "information" when you start to understand them, but not Russian...
5. I think they're logical, but there are so many rules to remember that it gets complicated. But I think that in Russian grammar there's a lot to understand and not so much to memorize (I think that in German you mainly have to memorize grammar, logic seems to absent at all).

-- Barbara, 25, I'm from Germany, but I live in Sweden.

Date: 2008-12-02 10:50 pm (UTC)
From: [identity profile] http://users.livejournal.com/_christine/
I'm Christine, 22, USA.

1. Almost four years.

2. It's a story. When I was in eighth grade I did a project on Catherine the Great, and my fourteen year old self thought she was the coolest lady ever. So I started reading more Russian history, and found it over all very interesting. Fast forward to university, I needed a language (for only one year) in order to graduate, and I was sick of Spanish. I was trying to decide between German and Russian. I decided on Russian because the history and culture was so interesting to me and I got to learn a new alphabet. Then I fell in love with the language, and the culture and people are wonderful too.

3. Some of the sounds are physically difficult for me to make, and others to hear. The difference between ш and щ are completely lost to my ears, but then again my Russian host brother couldn't hear the vowel difference between "love" and "laugh" (he spoke English). It took me three years, but I'm finally able to roll my R's and I'm quite pleased with that.

4. I understand the language well enough (though still terribly and in dire need of improvement) that when I hear Russian, I hear strings of meanings (and confusion) as I do with English. So to say what the sounds of Russian are like is difficult for me. Serbian and Italian, oddly, remind me of Russian. It's the phonetics of the first language and the rhythm of the second language.

5. I vote logical. I find the verbs of motion a bit redundant, but I also understand those distinctions feel natural to a native speaker, so it's just my cultural bias. I love that the rules of Russian are very firm, few irregulars, and I think cases make more sense than word order. With that being said, I never got good at cases until I had to think on my feet in Russia all the time...

Date: 2008-12-02 11:58 pm (UTC)
From: [identity profile] archaicos.livejournal.com
w.r.t. #3 (again:)... Ш and Щ are very similar and the English sh is somewhere between them, closer to Щ. It's very hard indeed for a native Russian to figure out the true difference between vowels such as in sheep & ship, lack & lock & luck, man & men and pronounce all of these properly. I only get it with a lot of practice and constant awareness of this problem. I don't think Ш and Щ are lost to you.
Btw, what about Ы?

Date: 2008-12-05 05:16 pm (UTC)
From: [identity profile] http://users.livejournal.com/_christine/
I can hear Ы just fine, though it took a little bit. I appreciate your encouragement with щ and ш. :) What I mean is that when I hear щи, it sounds to my ears as "she" does, and when I hear Ш for instance шоссе, it sounds to me as "shosse". When I hear them next to each other, I can tell that they are not the same, but I can't really identify how. At least not yet.

Date: 2008-12-02 11:28 pm (UTC)
From: [identity profile] miconazole.livejournal.com
1. About two years, on and off.
2. I was bored.
3. Verbs of motion make me sad :(
4. When I first started learning I thought it sounded like French, thought I'm pretty sure it doesn't actually. These days I dunno, it just sounds like Russian.
5. Pretty logical and yet still kicks my ass. Grrrr

Date: 2008-12-02 11:36 pm (UTC)
From: [identity profile] miconazole.livejournal.com
Actually, if you want to go all the way back, I suppose I started ~*learning Russian*~ four (!) years ago, in my final year of high school, where I was forced to take history class due to a timetabling clash. I wasn't particularly interested in history so when we covered the Russian Revolution I entertained myself by figuring out the alphabet from the propaganda posters in our textbooks instead. The Russian alphabet turned out to be one of the few things from history class I'd actually remember...

Date: 2008-12-03 04:21 am (UTC)
From: [identity profile] slovami.livejournal.com
1. How long have you been studying Russian?
Six years.

2. Why did you decide to learn it?
I went to St. Petersburg and liked it; it seemed more interesting and exotic than other European languages, but less difficult than Asian languages; and I liked Russian history.

3. What is the most difficult for you in Russian?
Now, it's the word order (I mean, making my Russian sound like colloquial native word order), and remembering where the stress is on certain words.

4. What does the sound of Russian language remind you of?
Nothing. It only sounds like Russian to me.

5. Do you think Russian grammar rules are quite logical or they are a complete mess?
Logical. There are just a lot of them.

Leslie, 24, USA

Date: 2008-12-03 04:24 am (UTC)
From: [identity profile] honey-melt.livejournal.com
1. How long have you been studying Russian? For over a decade now (of and on)
2. Why did you decide to learn it? I took first year Russian for language credit and was totally hooked after that
3. What is the most difficult for you in Russian? Verbs of motion, definitely verbs of motion.
4. What does the sound of Russian language remind you of? Simply Russian, it is its own beautiful sound. I love how it is at the same time powerful and lovely, which to me is true of many things Russian.
5. Do you think Russian grammar rules are quite logical or they are a complete mess? Logical, but at the same time quite complicated.

Betsy, 36, US
From: [identity profile] catie-day.livejournal.com
1. How long have you been studying Russian? For five months.
2. Why did you decide to learn it? My name was on the class roster. I go to a military school.
3. What is the most difficult for you in Russian? Figuring out where to put the stress in speech. Oh, and the sheer speed of my course. I've been studying Russian for five months and we already have all of the cases (in singular form only, though). Trying to cram all of this in while maintaining sanity is difficult. 8 hours of Russian a day, 5 days a week. And I love it!
4. What does the sound of Russian language remind you of? The crazy dreams I have that I can't actually understand...
5. Do you think Russian grammar rules are quite logical or they are a complete mess? I understand how logical they are. Incredibly so, with MILLIONS of exceptions.

Date: 2008-12-03 02:49 pm (UTC)
From: [identity profile] scifigal.livejournal.com
1. 13 months
2. I joined Peace Corps and am in Ukraine and was assigned it
3. CASES! ARgh!
4. Not sure
5. I think they make sense, but I haven't figured out the key yet. ;)

Julia
32
American living in Ukraine

Date: 2008-12-03 03:51 pm (UTC)
From: [identity profile] aodh.livejournal.com
1. How long have you been studying Russian?
2.5 years.

2. Why did you decide to learn it?
I read Dostoevsky back in high school and loved him. But the real reason was because I love languages and I wanted to study something that was "exotic". Of the choices open to me, Chinese seemed a little too difficult, Japanese didn't interest me--so I was left with Russian.

3. What is the most difficult for you in Russian?
These days it's the vocabulary. I'm okay with the grammar, but I spend a lot of time phrasing and rephrasing what I'm trying to say and consequently forget what I'm saying. At various points I've had trouble with the pronunciation (especially ы) and word stress. Verbs of motion are annoying when I forget the prefixes.

4. What does the sound of Russian language remind you of?
It sounds harsh to me, and a little gutteral, but I like that in a language.

5. Do you think Russian grammar rools are quite logical or they are a complete mess?
When I first learn a grammatical concept, I think it's incredibly illogical. But once I get the hang of it (e.g. verbs of motion, imperfective/perfective, etc) it's really not so bad. It's a heck of a lot more regular than French grammar.

Adam, 21, USA

Date: 2008-12-03 05:09 pm (UTC)
From: [identity profile] wordchick.livejournal.com
1. How long have you been studying Russian?
I started studying about 12 years ago (dear lord), but went a few Russian-less semesters in college.

2. Why did you decide to learn it?
In sixth grade, our teacher introduced us to different languages we might study, but he was a bad French teacher. I had been exposed to French before and I could not make heads or tails out of what he was telling us. His Russian wasn't perfect, but at least I could follow along.

3. What is the most difficult for you in Russian?
At this point, the sheer mass of unknown vocabulary is the most intimidating factor. In the past though, the answer would likely have been verbs of motion (I still don't love those) or the numbers 2-4. Or maybe difficulty of figuring out how to translate 'any' depending on the English context, or how to deal with the word 'both.'

4. What does the sound of Russian language remind you of?
It sounds like a young child whispering, but with a speech impediment, and saying "sh" instead of S. It's a lovely sibilant language.

5. Do you think Russian grammar rules are quite logical or they are a complete mess?
What an interesting question. The verb conjugations are not too unreasonable, although the division of the past tense into male, female, neutral, and plural is a little strange. Arabic is similar, but the number of persons is consistent in the past, present and future.

On the other hand, declensions are kind of nuts. In Greek and Latin, cases always govern specific situations- dative of means, accusative of motion toward, genitive of comparison. While it is generally true in Russian that the accusative means motion toward a destination, the genitive means motion away from a point, and the prepositional means location, we can only say 'generally.' К and До toss those notions to the wind, as do several prepositions that relate to location (над, под, перед).

However, once you've memorized all the rules and prefixes and prepositions, Russian is fairly consistent, and you can often (sometimes) guess the right way to say something from what you already know. So I suppose I might say that once you've rearranged your head, it seems pretty logical.

Sarah, 24, American in Ukraine
[The worst thing to say с хвоста.]

Date: 2008-12-03 07:34 pm (UTC)
From: [identity profile] the-overcoat.livejournal.com
1. How long have you been studying Russian?
For about two years

2. Why did you decide to learn it?
There are several reasons. I gave it a try a few years ago and failed miserably, but then I started again just recently with more motivation. I'm hoping knowing a bit of Russian will be useful later on, as for getting a job, and I'm also interested in Russian history, art and litterature. I blame Dostoevsky.

3. What is the most difficult for you in Russian?
The verbs, definitely. They all seem to start with a П ... and then Russian is totally unrelated to any other language I've studied, so it's more or less impossible to draw lines to another language and thereby explain some grammar/words/spelling like I can do with English and German and French, for example, and it also makes vocabulary more difficult.

4. What does the sound of Russian language remind you of?
......Polish? O.o It's just Russian, I dunno.

5. Do you think Russian grammar rules are quite logical or they are a complete mess?
They make sense. More sense than the Finnish grammar rules and more sense than the English spelling ^^


And if you can please write your first name, age and country. Thanks a lot!
Johanna, 23, Finland.

Date: 2008-12-04 04:42 am (UTC)
From: [identity profile] synth---romance.livejournal.com
1.) One year now exactly
2.) I had to decide what language to take btw german and russian. Russian started second semester and i heard the Professor was nice. I am just generally interested in eastern Europe.
3.) difference btw и and ы in actually saying it, sentence structures, spelling of words. The only thing I really get is the grammar, lol.
4.) It reminds me of nothing I have ever heard.
5.) Most of it is logical. The only thing that I feel is random is genetive plural. There are too many rules and exceptions.

Chelsea, 20, USA

Date: 2008-12-04 09:17 am (UTC)
From: [identity profile] superbad.livejournal.com
Beth, 25, Russia (but I'm from the United States)

1. 8 years
2. I like languages and Cyrillic seemed like a secret code.
3. Negatives and how they relate to verbs and genitive case. Also, perfective/imperfective in general
4. Whenever I hear old ladies speaking Russian it reminds me of chickens, and vice versa.
5. I think it's mostly logical.

Date: 2008-12-04 01:45 pm (UTC)
From: [identity profile] msmiss.livejournal.com
1. How long have you been studying Russian?
2. Why did you decide to learn it?
3. What is the most difficult for you in Russian?
4. What does the sound of Russian language remind you of?
5. Do you think Russian grammar rules are quite logical or they are a complete mess?

Anna, 26, USA

1. Hmm... for a few years, though I've never really taken an official course/class. I basically know what i know by default/immersion/fiancé/friends/self-study.
2. Because I tend to go back and forth between Russia and the USA quite a often. I also think the language is beautiful and mysterious - have been fascinated by Russian culture since i was little. Also, my fiancé is Russian - which is a rather good incentive for continued learning. :)
3. Speaking confidently with proper grammar. I've no real probs with the pronounciation and sounds; it is more due to my inability to retain all the grammar rules, etc. :P
4. Spanish (South American - Argentinian, mainly)... sometimes... I think maybe the intonations and the 'expressiveness' in how people talk to one another is a bit similar...
5. I don't think they are a complete mess and I do think they are more logical than English grammar rules, though that's not really saying much ;)). It's a struggle trying to remember every singke one and knowing when/how to use it correctly.
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